Conflict Over Fishing Is A Major Point Of Dispute Between India And Sri Lanka

Conflict Over Fishing Between India and Sri Lanka

A Historical Dispute

The conflict over fishing between India and Sri Lanka is a long-standing dispute that has been ongoing for decades. It is rooted in historical factors and has been exacerbated by economic and political issues.

Historical Context

The dispute stems from the fact that the Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar, which separate India and Sri Lanka, have been traditional fishing grounds for fishermen from both countries. However, tensions escalated after Sri Lanka declared an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in 1976, which extended its maritime boundary and restricted Indian fishermen from accessing certain fishing areas

Economic Factors

Economic factors have also contributed to the conflict. The fishing industry is a significant source of livelihood for communities in both countries. However, overfishing and competition for resources have led to declining fish stocks, putting pressure on fishermen's incomes.

Additionally, the use of destructive fishing practices, such as bottom trawling, has damaged marine ecosystems and further depleted fish populations.

Political Issues

Political issues have further complicated the dispute. Nationalistic sentiments and political rhetoric have often inflamed tensions between the two countries. Accusations of poaching and illegal fishing have escalated the conflict, leading to arrests and violent incidents at sea.

Despite several attempts at negotiation and agreements between India and Sri Lanka, the conflict persists due to a lack of consensus on maritime boundaries, fishing rights, and conservation measures.

Steps to Resolve the Conflict

Resolving the conflict over fishing between India and Sri Lanka requires a comprehensive approach that addresses both historical and contemporary factors. Here are some key steps that could contribute to a solution:

• Establish Clear Maritime Boundaries: Demarcating clear maritime boundaries would help reduce disputes over fishing zones and prevent illegal fishing.
• Promote Sustainable Fishing Practices: Enforcing regulations to prevent overfishing and destructive fishing methods is crucial for preserving marine ecosystems and ensuring the long-term sustainability of the fishing industry.
• Facilitate Dialogue and Cooperation: Regular dialogue between India and Sri Lanka is necessary to address fishermen's concerns, develop joint management plans, and explore alternative livelihood options.
• Encourage Economic Cooperation: Establishing joint ventures or cooperative arrangements in the fishing sector could create economic incentives for both countries to work together.
• Promote Conflict Resolution Mechanisms: Implementing mechanisms for resolving disputes peacefully, such as through arbitration or mediation, can help prevent violent confrontations and build trust between the two countries.